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old_sumerian_sign_readings [2015/10/15 10:33] hawkinsold_sumerian_sign_readings [2016/03/10 17:46] (current) englund
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-==== Old Sumerian Sign Readings ====+===== New or Contested Old Sumerian Sign Readings ====
 + 
 +The alternate readings here come from G. Marchesi and N. Marchetti’s //Royal Statuary of Early Dynastic Mesopotamia// (2011). Marchesi and Marchetti also note that “the so-called ‘amissable’ final consonants in Sumerian (that is, /d/, /g/, /k/, /ř/, held to be mute in word-final position), which include the phoneme /k/ of the genitive, were in fact pronounced in the Early Dynastic period (cf. Bauer 1989-90: 77. The loss of these consonants probably occurred in the Neo-Sumerian period.)” (2011: 238). 
 + 
 +LAK numbers refer to the numbers provided in A. Deimel's //Liste der archaischen Keilschriftzeichen// (= //WVDOG// 40 [1922]).
  
 ^ CDLI Reading ^ Alternate Readings ^ Sign Name ^ LAK Number ^ ^ CDLI Reading ^ Alternate Readings ^ Sign Name ^ LAK Number ^
-|abba{2} |aba{x} |ABxAŠ{2} | | +|abba<sub>2</sub> |aba<sub>x</sub> |ABxAŠ<sub>2</sub> | | 
-|aga{3} |aga{3} |GIN{2} |LAK 667| +|aga<sub>3</sub> |aga<sub>3</sub> |GIN<sub>2</sub> |LAK 667| 
-|agrun |agrun |E{2}.NUN | | +|agrun |agrun |E<sub>2</sub>.NUN | | 
-| |akkil{x} |AB.KID | | +| |akkil<sub>x</sub> |AB.KID | | 
-| |ALIM{x}.NITA |KIŠ.NITA | | +| |ALIM<sub>x</sub>.NITA |KIŠ.NITA | | 
-| |anzud{x} |MI | | +| |anzud<sub>x</sub> |MI | | 
-|adab |ařab{x} |UD.NUN | | +|adab |ařab<sub>x</sub> |UD.NUN | | 
-| |aš{11} |AŠ-//tenû// | | +| |aš<sub>11</sub> |AŠ-//tenû// | | 
-| |ašgi{x} |HIxDIŠ | | +| |ašgi<sub>x</sub> |HIxDIŠ | | 
-| |ašgi{x} |ŠIR | | +| |ašgi<sub>x</sub> |ŠIR | | 
-|inanna |'Aštar |MUŠ{3} | | +|inanna |'aštar |MUŠ<sub>3</sub> | | 
-|bahar{2} |bahar{2} |DUG.SILA{3}.BUR |LAK 742| +|bahar<sub>2</sub> |bahar<sub>2</sub> |DUG.SILA<sub>3</sub>.BUR |LAK 742| 
-| |bil{x} |NExPAP | | +| |bil<sub>x</sub> |NExPAP | | 
-| |bu{16} |NI | | +| |bu<sub>16</sub> |NI | | 
-|dar |da{x} |DAR | | +|dar |da<sub>x</sub> |DAR | | 
-|dingir |dimer{x} |AN | | +|dingir |dimer<sub>x</sub> |AN | | 
-| |ellil{x} |EN.E{2} | | +| |ellil<sub>x</sub> |EN.E<sub>2</sub> | | 
-| |en{x} |GAL | | +| |en<sub>x</sub> |GAL | | 
-| |ennegir{x} |ENxGI.KI | |+| |ennegir<sub>x</sub> |ENxGI.KI | |
 |iri |ere |URU | | |iri |ere |URU | |
 |iri |eri |URU | | |iri |eri |URU | |
-|esi |eša{x} |KAL | | +|esi |eša<sub>x</sub> |KAL | | 
-| |eštub{x} |KU{6}+GUD | | +| |eštub<sub>x</sub> |KU<sub>6</sub>+GUD | | 
-|gidim |gadim{x} |GIDIM | | +|gidim |gadim<sub>x</sub> |GIDIM | | 
-| |gal{x} |NUN | | +| |gal<sub>x</sub> |NUN | | 
-|dab/dib |geb{x} |DIB | | +|dab/dib |geb<sub>x</sub> |DIB | | 
-| |gizuna |ŠID.NUN{ki} | | +| |gizuna |ŠID.NUN<sub>ki</sub> | | 
-| |ĝešduru{x} |PA | | +| |ĝešduru<sub>x</sub> |PA | | 
-|ur{3}/uru{12} |ĝušur{x} |UR{3} | |+|ur<sub>3</sub>/uru<sub>12</sub> |ĝušur<sub>x</sub> |UR<sub>3</sub> | |
 |ḫad |ḫad |PA | | |ḫad |ḫad |PA | |
-|i{3} |id{x} |NI | | +|i<sub>3</sub> |id<sub>x</sub> |NI | | 
-|inanna |(n)in'anak{x} |MUŠ{3} | | +|inanna |(n)in'anak<sub>x</sub> |MUŠ<sub>3</sub> | | 
-|inanna |in(n)in{x} |MUŠ{3} | |+|inanna |in(n)in<sub>x</sub> |MUŠ<sub>3</sub> | |
 |iri |iri |URU | | |iri |iri |URU | |
-| |isḫara{x} |LAGABxSIG{7} | | +| |isḫara<sub>x</sub> |LAGABxSIG<sub>7</sub> | | 
-| |isḫara{x} |LAGABxSIG{7}.SAHAR | | +| |isḫara<sub>x</sub> |LAGABxSIG<sub>7</sub>.SAHAR | | 
-|ensi{2} |išše{x} |PA.TE.SI | | +|ensi<sub>2</sub> |išše<sub>x</sub> |PA.TE.SI | | 
-|keš{2} |kešer{x} |EZEN | | +|keš<sub>2</sub> |kešer<sub>x</sub> |EZEN | | 
-|ukken |KIĜ{x} |UNKEN | | +|ukken |KIĜ<sub>x</sub> |UNKEN | | 
-| |kullab(a){x} |UNUG | | +| |kullab(a)<sub>x</sub> |UNUG | | 
-|piriĝ |kušu{x} |PIRIĜ | | +|piriĝ |kušu<sub>x</sub> |PIRIĜ |LAK 256
-|lam |lab{x} |LAM | | +|lam |lab<sub>x</sub> |LAM | | 
-| |lagas{x} |NU{11}.BUR(.MUŠEN) | | +| |lagas<sub>x</sub> |NU<sub>11</sub>.BUR(.MUŠEN) | | 
-|lamma |lammar{x} |KAL | | +|lamma |lammar<sub>x</sub> |KAL | | 
-| |lugal{x} |GAL+LU | | +| |lugal<sub>x</sub> |GAL+LU | | 
-|nanše/nina |niĝen{x} |NANŠE/NINA | | +|nanše/nina |niĝen<sub>x</sub> |NANŠE/NINA | | 
-|ensi{2} |niĝsi'ak{x} |PA.TE.SI | | +|ensi<sub>2</sub> |niĝsi'ak<sub>x</sub> |PA.TE.SI | | 
-|nita |nintaḫ{x} |UŠ | | +|nita |nintaḫ<sub>x</sub> |UŠ | | 
-|nisaba{2} |nissabak{x} |NAĜA | | +|nisaba<sub>2</sub> |nissabak<sub>x</sub> |NAĜA | | 
-| |pabilga{x} |ĜIŠ.NExPAP/"ĜIŠ".PAP.NE | |+| |pabilga<sub>x</sub> |ĜIŠ.NExPAP/"ĜIŠ".PAP.NE | |
 |palil |palil |IGI.DU | | |palil |palil |IGI.DU | |
-| |pař{x} |ExPAP | | +| |pař<sub>x</sub> |ExPAP | | 
-|sa{12} |sa{12} |SAĜ | | +|sa<sub>12</sub> |sa<sub>12</sub> |SAĜ | | 
-| |sig{x} |SAR | | +| |sig<sub>x</sub> |SAR | | 
-|šuba{3} |sube{x} |MUŠ{3}/MUŠ{3}.ZA({7})/MUŠ{3}xZA({7})/MUŠ{3}.ZA.ZA({7})/ZA.MUŠ{3}/ZA.MUŠ{2} | | +|šuba<sub>3</sub> |sube<sub>x</sub> |MUŠ<sub>3</sub> / MUŠ<sub>3</sub>.ZA(<sub>7</sub>) / MUŠ<sub>3</sub>xZA(<sub>7</sub>)/ | | 
-| |sur{3} |KAM | | +| | |MUŠ<sub>3</sub>.ZA.ZA(<sub>7</sub>) / ZA.MUŠ<sub>3</sub> / ZA.MUŠ<sub>2</sub>| | 
-| |šare{x} |NI | | +| |sur<sub>3</sub> |KAM | | 
-| |šub{5} |ZI:ZI.ŠE{3} | | +| |šare<sub>x</sub> |NI | | 
-|dub{3}/ṭa{3} |ṭab{6} |DUG{3} |LAK 666/786| +| |šub<sub>5</sub> |ZI:ZI.ŠE<sub>3</sub> | | 
-|u{6} |ug{x} |U{6} | | +|dub<sub>3</sub>/ṭa<sub>3</sub> |ṭab<sub>6</sub> |DUG<sub>3</sub> |LAK 666/786| 
-|umma |umma |ĜIŠ.KUŠU{2} | | +|u<sub>6</sub> |ug<sub>x</sub> |U<sub>6</sub> | | 
-|ur{4} |ura{x} |UR{4} | | +|umma |umma |ĜIŠ.KUŠU<sub>2</sub> | | 
-|uru{11} |urub{x} |URUxKAR{2} | | +|ur<sub>4</sub> |ura<sub>x</sub> |UR<sub>4</sub> | | 
-|udu |uřa{x} |UDU | | +|uru<sub>11</sub> |urub<sub>x</sub> |URUxKAR<sub>2</sub> | | 
-| |usan{4} |SI/SU{4} | | +|udu |uřa<sub>x</sub> |UDU | | 
-|ušur{x} |ušur{x} |LAL{2}xLAGAB/LAL{2}xTUG{2} | |+| |usan<sub>4</sub> |SI/SU<sub>4</sub> | | 
 +|ušur<sub>x</sub> |ušur<sub>x</sub> |LAL<sub>2</sub>xLAGAB/LAL<sub>2</sub>xTUG<sub>2</sub> | | 
 + 
 + 
 + 
 +==== Bibliography ==== 
 + 
 +Bauer, J. (1989-90). "Altsumerische Wirtschaftsurkunden in Leningrad." //Archiv für Orientforschung,// 76-91. 
 + 
 +Deimel, A. (1922). //Liste der archaischen Keilschriftzeichen von Fara.// JC Hinrich.
  
 +Marchesi, G., & Marchetti, N. (2011). //Royal statuary of early dynastic Mesopotamia.// Eisenbrauns.
old_sumerian_sign_readings.1444901620.txt.gz · Last modified: 2015/10/15 10:33 by hawkins
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